Abstract 5251: Skeletonema marinoi algae extract and carotenoid fucoxanthin are endowed with potential chemopreventive and angiopreventive properties for prostate cancer

Abstract

Abstract Background: Research and production of natural anti-oxidants is growing and is developed both in experimental laboratories and in nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical industries. Marine microorganisms represent underestimated sources of bioactive compounds endowed with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular protective and anti-angiogenic properties, all beneficial effects on human health. Methods: Chemopreventive and anti-angiogenic activities of extracts from the marine coastal diatom Skeletonema marinoi (Sm) and carotenoid fucoxanthin, that is present in Sm, were evaluated in prostate cancer (PCa) and endothelial cell lines in in vitro. Morphogenesis assay was carried out to evaluate effects on HUVEC ability to form capillary-like structure on Matrigel. Gene expression analysis was performed by qPCR, measuring different inflammation and angiogenesis gene expression in cells treated with Sm extract and fucoxanthin. Membrane antibodies arrays were used to see alterations at protein level of pro- or anti-angiogenic factors. Results: Sm extract and fucoxanthin were able to decrease cell viability, in MTT and Crystal violet assays. Furthermore, we observed that fucoxanthin enhanced the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (Cis-Pt), two of the most commonly used anti-cancer drugs. Sm extract and fucoxanthin hindered vascular mimicry of PCa cells and also inhibited capillary structure formation in endothelial cells. Finally, Sm extract and fucoxanthin shown a down-regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis associated genes. Conclusions: Our study suggests promising potential chemopreventive and angiopreventive activities of Skeletonema marinoi extract and fucoxanthin for prostate cancer. Microalgae derived drugs can be a potential and relevant source of novel nutraceutical and preventive compounds, which can be considered as dietary supplements or in combination treatments in cancer prevention approaches. Citation Format: Adriana Albini, Luana Calabrone, Douglas M. Noonan, Marco Festa, Cinzia Ferrario, Valentina Carlini, Debora Macis, Luigi Pistelli, Christophe Brunet, Clementina Sansone. Skeletonema marinoi algae extract and carotenoid fucoxanthin are endowed with potential chemopreventive and angiopreventive properties for prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5251.