ABSTRACT 459

Abstract

Background and aims: Outbreaks of Acute Viral Bronchiolitis (AVB) frequently affects small infants and children with comorbidities, leading to PICU admission and mechanical ventilation (MV) support. Considering the cumulated medical experience and technical facilities it is expected an high survival rate even in this group submitted of MV. Aims: Evaluate the characteristic and outcome of children with AVB submitted to MV in a period of two consecutive years. Methods: The records of all children with AVB submitted to MV in a referral Brazilian PICU between 2012 and 2013 were evaluated regarding: demographic data, length of MV, length of PICU, complications and outcome. The local Ethical and Research committee approved the study. Results: 36 children with AVB were submitted to MV in this period. There were 22 males (60%), with a mean age of 2.7 +2.0 months and mean weight of 4.3 +1.2 kg. The median PIM2 was 0.47.Viral etiology was identified in 84% (Respiratory Syncytial virus -70%, others virus -14%). The mean length of MV was 5.3 +2.5 days, being extubation failure observed in 13.6% (5/36) and just one death (2.7%). The average high PIP, High Tidal volume and High FiO2 were 29.3 +3.2 cmH2O, 9.8 +3.3 ml/kg and 0.47 +0.23). Conclusions: Nowadays, even severe cases of AVB submitted to MV have very good survival rate. These good results could be related to the cumulated medical experience as well as the adoption of consensual protocols regarding sedation, MV parameters and early cardiovascular support.