Abstract 4387: Total toxicity burden of FDA approved immune checkpoint inhibitors in USA

Abstract

Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment landscape for multiple cancers, demonstrating effective and durable responses and becoming the standard of care for a variety of malignancies. However, ICI-based treatment has resulted in the rise of unique immune-related adverse events (irAEs). To date, very little information is available on the frequency, significance, and management of single-organ or multiorgan irAEs in clinic. In this study, the irAEs associated with the treatment of seven FDA-approved ICIs, including three PD-1 inhibitors (cemiplimab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab), three PD-L1 inhibitors (atezolizumab, avelumab and durvalumab), and one CTLA4 inhibitor (ipilimumab), were analyzed based on the data of 149,303 report cases (January 1, 2015 - June 30, 2022) collected from FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) public dashboard. Our data reveal that irAEs associated with the treatment of anti-PD-1 ICIs (e.g., pembrolizumab) require less hospital care resources compared with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 ICIs. Tissue and organ toxicity of ICIs are age and gender specific. ‘Cardiac disorders’ is the main disorder caused by these ICIs in cancer patients aged 65-85, while ‘reproductive system and breast disease’ is the main disorder in cancer patients aged 18-64. There are risks of respiratory and urinary system toxicity in male patients and reproductive system toxicity in female patients when they receive the treatment of ICIs. Studies such as this one provide the statistical data for understanding patients at risk of developing irAEs, which will underscore the importance of further exploring research strategies to predict, detect, and mitigate toxicities from ICIs. Citation Format: Fan Yang, Chloe Shay, Zhaohui Qin, Nabil Saba, Yong Teng. Total toxicity burden of FDA approved immune checkpoint inhibitors in USA. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4387.