Abstract 4151: Fucoidan reduced radiation-induced fibrosis and secondary primary cancers

Abstract

Abstract Radiotherapy (RT) causes tissue fibrosis and secondary cancers. Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that is mainly found in brown algae and brown seaweed. In this study, we assessed the radioprotective effect of oligo-fucoidan on zebrafish. Embryos were exposed to RT (5, 10, or 20 Gy) at 4 hours post-fertilization and compared with an oligo-fucoidan pretreatment group. We found that oligo-fucoidan protects embryos from death and embryonic defects. Using oligo-fucoidan oral feeding adult zebrafish prior radiation, we found that oligo-fucoidan treatment of wild-type fish yields much lower expression of apoptosis and fibrosis marker genes in liver compared to RT (40 Gy) only. Liver fibrosis was diagnosed from Sirius stain, proved oligo-fucoidan reduce fibrosis caused by high dose of radiation. Using a diet-induced obesity HBx,src(p53-) triple transgenic fish liver cancer model, we found that oligo-fucoidan can lower the expression of cell cycle/proliferation markers, as well as fibrosis markers and lipogenic enzymes, compared with that in fish with radiation exposure only. Furthermore, oligo-fucoidan can effectively decrease liver cancer formation, as observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of PCNA proliferation marker. Genomic transcriptome profiling by GeneTitan reveals the main genes/pathways activated by oligo-fucoidan pre-treatment which have protection effect for the radiation-induced fibrosis and secondary primary cancers. Our results provide evidence for the ability of oligo-fucoidan to prevent steatosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and secondary cancers induced by radiation in zebrafish model. Citation Format: Szu-yuan Wu. Fucoidan reduced radiation-induced fibrosis and secondary primary cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4151.