Abstract
Introduction: It has been reported that day-to-day blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) is associated with major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the clinical significance of beat-to-beat BPV is unclear. Methods and Results: We recruited data on patients with HF who underwent nighttime pulse transit time (PTT)-based continuous beat-to-beat BP measurement (n = 379, median age 71, male sex 53.6%). Standard deviation (SD) of PTT-based BP was considered as BPV. The primary outcome was MACCE defined as coronary artery disease, stroke, or death due to HF, acute coronary syndrome or ventricular fibrillation. Median values (25th and 75th percentiles) of SD of PTT-based systolic, diastolic, and mean BP were 4.2 (3.5, 5.3), 3.3 (2.7, 4.1), and 3.4 (2.8, 4.1) mmHg, respectively. During the follow-up period of median 1,083 days after BPV evaluation, 43 patients experienced MACCE. When patients were divided into three tertiles based on the systolic, diastolic, and mean BPV, MACCE occurred more frequently in those with higher tertiles of BPV ( Figure ). In the Cox proportional hazard analysis, systolic, diastolic, and mean BPV as continuous variables were associated with MACCE (hazard ratio, 1.191, 1.228, and 1.243, respectively). Conclusion: Beat-to-beat BPV was associated with MACCE in patients with HF.
Published Version
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