Abstract 4006: IL12-secreting CAR-T cells eliminate the requirement for lymphodepletion and promote epitope spreading via local antigen presenting cells

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: EGFRvIII is a commonly studied tumor-specific antigen in glioblastoma (GBM) and poses an enticing target for immunotherapy. Its varied expression, however, complicates its effectiveness as a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell target. Given the increasing prominence of Interleukin-12 (IL12) in treating solid tumors, its synergy with EGFRvIII specific CARs in treating preclinical models of GBM is explored. Methods: To simulate tumor heterogeneity, mice were implanted with equal ratios of CT2A and CT2A EGFRvIII+ cells. We developed EGFRvIII-specific third-generation CAR T cells, both with and without IL12 using a MSGV retrovirus backbone and transduced them into murine T cells. Their antitumor effectiveness was gauged by evaluating survival rates, and their capability to enhance and modify the tumor environment was determined using single-cell sequencing. Results: Standalone EGFRvIII CARs were unsuccessful in curing mice with heterogeneous tumors. However, 60% of mice treated with EGFRvIII CARs combined with IL12 were long term survivors. IL12 secreting CARs exhibited prolonged persistence in vivo, and there was no need for prior lymphodepletion before ALT introduction. Our studies reveal that EGFRvIII CARs secreting IL12 can eliminate EGFRvIII negative tumor cells by drawing on the inherent CD8 T cell compartment. Moreover, IL12 prominently impacted microglia among all Antigen Presenting Cells in the tumor environment, amplifying antigen presentation processes and broadening epitope exposure. Conclusion: By leveraging IL12, EGFRvIII CARs can counteract antigen heterogeneity in tumors by recruiting endogenous CD8 T cells and polarizing microglia. These IL12-secreting CARs outlast their traditional counterparts without requiring lymphodepletion. Harnessing CAR-T cells that secrete IL12 represents a novel strategy for overcoming tumor heterogeneity and treating GBM in a clinical context. Citation Format: Aditya Mohan, Steven Shen, Kelly Hotchkiss, Sarah Quackenbush, John Sampson, Peter Fecci, Anoop Patel. IL12-secreting CAR-T cells eliminate the requirement for lymphodepletion and promote epitope spreading via local antigen presenting cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 4006.