Abstract
Abstract Background Light-absorbing nanoparticles that are nontoxic to biological tissue possess the potential for targeted killing of cancer cells while causing minimal collateral damage to adjacent healthy tissue. Gold nanoparticles with near infrared (nIR)-absorbing light properties are ideal for this application. Aim: This study is to investigate the photo-thermal ablation effect of nIR-absorbing gold nanoparticles coated with a natural polymer (chitosan) on esophageal cancer cells as well as benign cells. Methods: Three esophageal cell lines used are human squamous esophageal epithelium cell line (Het-1A), Barrett's epithelium cell line (BAR-T), and the esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line (OE-19). Furthermore, the uptake of gold nanoparticles in the benign esophageal tissue and the response to laser exposure was also valuated in a rat esophagoduodenal anastomosis (EDA) model. Three cell lines were treated with gold nanoparticles (OD=25) then exposed to laser at a wavelength of 817 nm and power density of 3W/cm2 for 3 min. The esophageal mucosa of rats was sprayed with gold nanoparticles 24 hours befor laser application. After treatment, the rats were exposed to laser at a wavelength of 817 nm and power density of 4.15W/cm2 for 3 min. The loading of gold nanoparticles was detected by silver staining. Results: The most OE-19 cells loaded with gold nanoparticles and were completely ablated after nIR light exposure. However, most Het-1A cells and BAR-T cells didn't load on any gold nanoparticles, and they remained viable after nIR light exposure. Normal esophageal epithelium and Barrett's mateplastic epithelium show low affinity to gold nanoparticles, however, the focal region with more loaded gold nanoparticles was ablated after nIR light exposure. Conclusion: 1) Chitosan coated gold nanoparticles undergo targeted uptake by OE-19 cells, with a much higher affinity compared to benign cells. 2) Photo-thermo-ablation by nIR light exposure causes a directed cancer cell-killing effect based on preferential gold nanoparticle uptake. 3) Further study is ongoing to investigate methods of enhancing peak uptake of gold nanoparticles in the EDA rat model, to provide an optimal model for laser ablation of esophageal cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 381. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-381
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