Abstract 360: Cardiometabolic Effects of Young Adult Overweight and Obesity

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Little data exists referencing the cardiometabolic effects in young adult. BMI does not account well for body shape and size and has weaknesses. Waist:height ratio along with other modalities have been assessed for improving health metrics for patient care with balancing strength and utility problems with ease of use. METHODS Baseline and sequential anthropometric data was collected from 42 deployed overweight Army soldiers command directed to battalion medical for weight loss while in the combat zone. This data is presented for discussion and correlation with their individual success/failure to lose weight while being supervised to pass the Army’s calculated percentage body fat standards. RESULTS Baseline mean waist circumference was 96cm for females, 106cm for males. Initial mean glucose was 102mg/dl for females, 106mg/dl for males. Initial mean HDL was 52 mg/dl for females, 37 mg/dl. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were normal for 75%. With intervention, fasting glucose normalized. All began with waist circumference over 55% of their waist:height ratio. Those who brought their waist:height below 55% passed Army standards. Internal motivation was key. DISCUSSION Often young adults do not seek healthcare, do not carry health insurance, and do not seek preventive health. Adolescence issues carry into adulthood and with the current obesity trends, only points to more severe and earlier issues with cardiovascular diseases. This group already had metabolic or pre-metabolic syndrome, highlighting the cardiometabolic hazards present. No comparative data exists–this age has largely been ignored/unaddressed. As opposed to BMI, measuring waist circumference is simple, easy, office based measurement. Waist circumference gives a better marker of central adiposity, which correlates to cardiometabolic risk. Adding this measurement helps refine meaning to BMI. Athletes have higher BMIs but normal waist:height ratios and are more normal. Likewise, the ratio may improve defining metabolic syndrome criteria, where 55% should be the trigger. Measuring waist circumference is easy in the office and patient friendly at home–providing a better target and guidance for helping patients improve their overall heart health.