Abstract 346: A Trial of Pre-discharge Point of Care Ultrasound for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Abstract

Background: Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a primary reason for hospital admission and readmission in the elderly. Prior studies have demonstrated that sonographic pulmonary B-lines and large inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter with reduced collapsibility may accurately predict ADHF readmission. Ultrasound is a readily available bedside tool that can be used to assess a patient’s volume status, which can be difficult to assess under certain clinical conditions. The purpose of this project is to determine if a pre-discharge focused lung and IVC ultrasound exam can be used to predict readmission in a veteran patient population. Methods: This is a single-center study conducted at the Miami Veterans Affair Medical Center (VAMC). Only patients with a primary diagnosis of ADHF admitted to a hospitalist team through the emergency room will be considered. Exclusion criteria include: pre-existing structural lung disease; primary right-sided heart failure; severe tricuspid regurgitation; or hospice status. A single operator will evaluate all included patients for B-lines and IVC dimension within 24 hours of admission and discharge. Ultrasound results, without management recommendations, will be given to hospitalists to use at their discretion to support clinical decision-making. Patients will be categorized based on positive or negative ultrasound findings. The primary outcome of interest is 30-day readmission rate. Secondary outcomes include 90-day readmission, all-cause mortality, length of stay, and changes in weight or renal function. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney testing will be used to analyze categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival curves will be generated for both patient cohorts. Results/Anticipated Results: Through quarter 3 of fiscal year 2019, the Miami VAMC had 215 unique admissions for ADHF. The average 30-day readmission rate per quarter was 18.44% (total 40 of 215). Study enrollment is ongoing. We anticipate that many patients may demonstrate discrepancy of volume status between their clinical and ultrasound exams, and that patients found to have B-lines and/or large IVCs with poor collapsibility will have worse outcomes. Conclusion: Decreasing readmissions for acute decompensated heart failure is a priority for both patients and physicians. Persistent volume overload has been associated with increased risk for readmission. Ultrasound may be a useful augmentation to the physical exam to determine a patient’s volume status to further guide inpatient treatment, predict prognosis, and determine readiness for discharge.