Abstract 280: Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcomes In Children Without Underlying Cardiac Disease

Abstract

Introduction: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has been associated with improved outcomes compared to conventional CPR (CCPR) in children with underlying cardiac disease. There are limited data on ECPR survival outcomes in the non-cardiac population. Hypothesis: ECPR will be associated with improved survival to discharge in children without underlying cardiac disease with prolonged CPR. Methods: Retrospective cohort study using the AHA Get With The Guidelines® - Resuscitation registry of children (<18 years) without cardiac disease who received ≥30 minutes of CPR for in-hospital cardiac arrest between 2000-2020. Weighted propensity scores were used to balance ECPR and CCPR groups based on hospital and patient characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression incorporating these scores tested the association of ECPR with survival to discharge. A Bayesian logistic regression model was used to estimate the probability of a positive effect from ECPR. A secondary analysis explored temporal trends in ECPR relative to the index year of 2000. Results: Of 875 patients, 159 received ECPR and 716 received CCPR (median age 1 year, primary diagnosis respiratory insufficiency, median CPR duration 45 minutes for full cohort). Survival to discharge was similar between the ECPR group (21.4%) compared to the CCPR group (16.2%) in both the univariable analysis (p= 0.13) and the propensity-weighted multivariable logistic regression (aOR 1.44 [CI 0.85-2.44, p= 0.173]. The Bayesian model estimated an 85.1% probability of a positive effect of ECPR on survival to discharge. ECPR use increased over time (test for trend p<0.001). Conclusion: In children without cardiac disease who required ≥30 minutes of CPR, ECPR usage significantly increased in the last 20 years. Compared to CCPR, ECPR was not associated with a statistically significant increase in survival to discharge. However, a Bayesian model estimated weak evidence of a positive survival effect of ECPR.