Abstract
Abstract Despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma is ∼100X greater in the HIV-infected population compared to non-infected individuals and AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) prevalence is expected to rise in the future. Preliminary reports have suggested that some ARLs contain HIV-infected macrophages that may contribute to ARL pathogenesis. A recent study evaluating HIV sequence evolution in the contest of metastatic ARL found lymphoma specific HIV compartmentalized within sites of lymphoma that was distinct from HIV present in non-lymphoma sites (Salemi et al, PLOSone Dec 3, 2009). These data suggested the existence of a lymphoma specific form of HIV evolving within individuals who develop ARL. The goal of this research was to determine the prevalence and quantity of HIV-1 DNA in 119 ARL biopsies from the entire span of the HIV epidemic (1982-2007) by utilizing whole genomic amplified (WGA) ARL DNA, provided by the AIDS and Cancer Specimen Resource (ACSR). The presence of HIV-1 DNA was determined by quantitative amplification of the HIV gag gene using single copy genes to define HIV copy numbers per genomic equivalent. Of the 119 ARL cases, 45% contained detectable levels of HIV-1 DNA (> 1 copy per 30,000 cells). The relationship between HIV DNA presence and tumor immunophenotype was determined using ARL data from the ACSR on the cases studied. The level of HIV per genomic equivalent in the 45% HIV DNA positive cases was as high as one/cell equivalent. There was a significant (p<0.01) decrease in the prevalence of HIV-1 DNA-positive ARL cases post-HAART (after 1996; 39%) as compared to pre-HAART (before 1996; 54%). Additionally, our data suggest that the overall amount of HIV-1 DNA present in ARLs was less in the post-HAART era when compared to the pre-HAART era. The HIV DNA positive cases fell into a positive outcome category (MUM1 negative and CD10 positive) based on lymphoma immunophenotype literature (p< 0.02). Thus, a subset of ARLs containing high levels of HIV DNA, falls into a better outcome category based on immunophenotype data and may represent a different lymphoma pathogenic process. The existence of lymphoma specific variants of HIV is currently under investigation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2714. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2714
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