Abstract
Abstract A comprehensive network-based understanding of molecular pathways abnormally altered in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is essential for developing effective therapeutic approaches for this deadly disease. Applying a next generation sequencing technology, massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS), we identified a total of 4535 genes that are differentially expressed between normal brain and GBM tissue. The expression changes of three up-regulated genes, CHI3L1, CHI3L2, and FOXM1, and two down-regulated genes, neurogranin and L1CAM, were confirmed by quantitative PCR. Of note, pathway analysis revealed that TGF- β was significantly up-regulated in GBM tumor samples. An integrative pathway analysis of the TGF β signaling network identified two novel TGF—β signaling pathways mediated by SOX4 (sex determining region Y-box 4) and TGFBI (transforming growth factor beta 1 induced). Quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining showed that their expressions are elevated in GBM tissues compared with normal brain tissues at RNA and protein levels. In vitro functional studies confirmed that TGFBI and SOX4 expression is increased by TGF- β stimulation and decreased by a specific inhibitor of TGF- β receptor 1 kinase. The comprehensive identification of genes involved in TGF- β signaling provides further insight into GBM biology and novel therapeutic targets for further investigation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2224.
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