Abstract
Introduction: Catheter Ablation (CA) is a treatment option for patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) when medications are intolerable or are unable to control symptoms. Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure and affects all ages, genders and races. In this study, we examine the impact of pulmonary hypertension (PH) on hospitalized patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation. Methods: Using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) diagnosis and procedure codes, we queried the National Inpatient Sample 2016 to 2020 for hospitalizations among patients ≥18 years old diagnosed with PH, and AF who underwent CA procedure. Among this cohort, we identified the percentage of all hospitalizations for AF undergoing CA and stratified this cohort into those with and without PH. Mortality and length of hospital stay were compared between those with and without PH. Results: Our study included 232,150 weighted hospitalizations among patients with atrial fibrillation who underwent catheter ablation. Of these, 28,980 (12.5%) had pulmonary hypertension, and the majority (51.1%) were males. Among this cohort, those with pulmonary hypertension were older compared to those without pulmonary hypertension (mean [SD] age: 70.0 [11.2] vs. 68.2 [11.4] years). Patients with pulmonary hypertension had a higher length of hospital stay (10.2 vs. 6.2 days, p<0.0001) and higher total hospital charges ($241,212 vs. $187,987; p<0.0001) compared to those without pulmonary hypertension. Higher in-hospital mortality was recorded among patients with pulmonary hypertension compared to those without pulmonary hypertension (3.4% vs. 1.2%, p<0.0001 ). Conclusion: Among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation, pulmonary hypertension was associated with worse outcomes, including higher length of stay and mortality. Further research is needed to better understand the impact of pulmonary hypertension among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation.
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