Abstract 1921: Universal genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes in an under-represented minority population

Abstract

Abstract Hereditary factors play a role in the development of several cancers. Identification of germline predisposition can have implications for treatment and cancer prevention. While previous studies have found that universal multigene panel testing in patients with cancer yields increased detection of actionable heritable variants compared to targeted testing, patients belonging to racial and ethnic minority groups have been underrepresented in these studies. We undertook a prospective multi-site study of germline alternations among solid tumor cancer patients from under-represented minority (URM) populations receiving care at Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Centers between January 2020 and November 2022. Patients with a new or active cancer diagnosis (all stages) not selected for family history of cancer were tested with a >80-gene next generation sequencing panel. Of 532 patients (mean [SD] age, 57.2 [12.7] years; 320 (60.2%) female), 247 (46.4%) were Hispanic/Latino, 130 (24.4%) Black/African American, 80 (15.0%) Asian, 66 (12.4%) American Indian/Alaskan Native, 2 (0.4%) Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and 7 (1.3%) other. PGV were found in 43 patients (8.1%), including 29 moderate- or high- penetrance cancer susceptibility genes. Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were found in 272 patients (51.1%). Of those with a PGV, 29 (67.4%) had incremental clinically actionable findings that would not have been detected by established testing criteria, of which 16 were moderate- or high-penetrance variants. Younger age of diagnosis, gender, race, ethnicity, and stage of disease were not predictive of PGV. In this study of under-represented minority cancer patients, universal genetic testing found that 1 in 12 patients harbor a PGV, more than two-thirds of whom would remain undetected using current guidelines. The paucity of genomic data in URM populations also results in a large proportion of VUS which may lead to under-estimation of disease associated variants. Table 1. Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Included Patients Positive Negative VUS Total N (%) 43 217 272 532 (8.1%) (40.8%) (51.1%) Age - mean (SD) 53.7 57.0 57.8 57.2 (12.7) (12.6) (12.8) (12.7) Gender - Female 26 132 162 320 (60.5%) (60.8%) (59.6%) (60.2%) Race/Ethnicity Hispanic/Latino 24 110 113 247 (55.8%) (50.7%) (41.5%) (46.4%) Black/African 5 56 69 130 American (11.6%) (25.8%) (25.4%) (24.4%) Asian 10 (23.3%) 23 (10.6%) 47 (17.3%) 80 (15.0%) American Indian/Alaskan Native 4 (9.3%) 26 (12.0%) 36 (13.2%) 66 (12.4%) Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (0.7%) 2 (0.4%) Other 0 (0.0%) 2 (0.9%) 5 (1.8%) 7 (1.3%) Tumor Types Breast 19 (44.2%) 80 (36.9%) 110 (40.4%) 209 (39.3%) CNS 1 (2.3%) 2 (0.9%) 1 (0.4%) 4 (0.8%) GI 7 (16.3%) 46 (21.2%) 58 (21.3%) 111 (20.9%) GU 8 (18.6%) 57 (26.3%) 62 (22.8%) 127 (23.9%) GYN 0 (0.0%) 8 (3.7%) 10 (3.7%) 18 (3.4%) Head/Neck 5 (11.6%) 8 (3.7%) 6 (2.2%) 19 (3.6%) Lung 0 (0.0%) 6 (2.8%) 11 (4.0%) 17 (3.2%) Melanoma 0 (0.0%) 2 (0.9%) 1 (0.4%) 3 (0.6%) Sarcoma 2 (4.7%) 4 (1.8%) 4 (1.5%) 10 (1.9%) Other 1 (2.3%) 4 (1.8%) 9 (3.3%) 14 (2.6%) Citation Format: Kevork A. Khadarian, Sailaja Pisipati, Jeremy C. Jones, Gerardo Colon-Otero, Donald W. Northfelt, Lindsey Gary, Idara U. Ekpoh, Giovanna G. Moreno, Edward D. Esplin, Robert Nussbaum, Brandie Heald, Margaret A. Klint, Kathleen A. Barrus, Tanios S. Bekaii-Saab, Aleksandar Sekulic, Michael A. Golafshar, Katie L. Kunze, Cheryl L. Willman, Konstantinos N. Lazaridis, Niloy Jewel Samadder. Universal genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes in an under-represented minority population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1921.