Abstract
Abstract The majority of diagnosed bladder cancer (BC) patients is presenting with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Although NMIBC generally exhibits a favorable prognosis, a considerable number of patients suffer from short-term recurrence, and high risks of progression to the more aggressive muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative treatments to improve outcomes for patients with NMIBC. For centuries, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played a significant role in Asian society, with ongoing research to investigate the intricate relationship between TCM and treatment of cancers. Bufadienolides, the principal active components in Chansu, are derived from the aqueous extract of the parotoid glands and the dried secretion of the Asiatic toad. Bufadienolides have been reported to demonstrate significant antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms that underlie the anticancer effects of bufadienolides in NMIBC. Our experiments show that bufadienolides significantly decrease cell viability, induce cell-cycle arrest at the sub-G1 phase, and activate apoptosis in NMIBC cells (RT112 and RT4). Protein analysis reveals the activation of apoptosis-related proteins (PARP, caspase-3, -8, -9) by bufadienolides in NMIBC cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that bufadienolides present promising potential as therapeutic agents for NMIBC treatment. Citation Format: Chih-Chieh Tu, Mei-Chuan Chen, Chun-Han Chen. Exploring the feasibility and pharmacological mechanism of bufadienolides for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1827.
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