Abstract 17175: Trendsin Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Hospitalizations and In-Hospital Mortality and Comorbidity. United States, 2005-2014

Abstract

Background: Yearly trends and prevalence of alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACMP) hospitalizations and its associated in-hospital mortality, arrhythmia, complications and outcomes are not well studied on a national level. Methods: We used Nationwide Inpatient Sample database (2005-14) and identified 25402 hospitalizations for adults (≥18 yrs) with a primary or secondary diagnosis of ACMP . Since ACMP is a diagnosis of exclusion, all patients with a co-diagnosis of CAD or other causes of cardiomyopathy were excluded. Results: Taking the growth of the US general population into account, there was a decreasing number of ACMP hospital stays per 100,000 persons (4.38 in 2005 vs 3.62 in 2014; p < 0.001). Arrhythmias were present in in 48.7% of hospital stays. In-hospital mortality was 4.2% down-trending over years (4.3% 2005 vs 3.7% 2014) but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.78). Approximately 2.1% experienced cardiac arrest(uptrend from 1.4% to 3.2% in 2005-14; p <0.001). Prevalence of arrhythmia in this population has increased from 2005 to 2014 (46.5% vs 51.6%; p <0.001). Mean age was 55.01 ±12.2 yrs and 85.2% were male. Patients with arrhythmia were older (57.08 vs 53.03; p<0.01), had more comorbidities (Elixhauser index 2.55 vs 1.85; p < .01). Gender and racial differences were noted between arrhythmia and non-arrhythmia group respectively: Male (88.6% vs 82%; p< 0.01),White (68.2% vs 57.4%), Black (18.8% vs 28.5%) (p < 0.01) . AFib was the most common type of arrhythmia (30.7%), followed by V Tach (8.7%), unspecified arrhythmia (8.6%), and AFlutter (5.6%). Median charge per hospital stay was $25909. Median length of stay was 4 d. Despite that the Median length of stay (4 days) has not changed (4 days in 2005 vs 5 days in 2014; p = 16%), Median charge per hospital stay has increased from $18223.5 to $34056 : p <0.01. Cardioversion was performed in 1.2 %, Catheter ablation in 0.4 %, PPM implantation in 0.7 %, ICD in 1.5 %, cardiac catheterization in 16 % and VAD in 0.1% of hospitalizations for alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Utilization of these procedures has increased from 12% in 2005 to 14.6% in 2014 (p = 2.6%) Conclusion: There was a decreasing number of ACMP hospitalizations per 100,000 of US population. Despite the increased prevalence of arrhythmias in this population over years, the in-hospital mortality has not change, but rate of cardiac arrest has increased. The Median length of hospital stay has not changed, but the healthcare cost has significantly increased. This could be explained by the increased utilization of inpatient cardiac procedures.