Abstract 16325: Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Age of Onset of Type II Diabetes Among United States Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Abstract

Background Several studies have examined racial/ethnic differences in Type II Diabetes (T2D) incidence and prevalence in the United States and have found significantly increased risk of T2D in African American, Asian, and Hispanic populations. However, it is still unknown whether age of onset of T2D is different across racial/ethnic groups, specifically that of Asian Indians, a group known to have a high incidence of T2D and cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: We used the National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS) from 1999-2019 to identify participants with self-reported T2D diagnosed after the age of 18. Multivariable linear regression was conducted to identify differences in age of onset of diabetes by race/ethnicity. Covariates of interest included sex, insurance status, education, alcohol use, smoking history, physical activity, BMI, coronary heart disease, hypertension, COPD, liver disease and kidney disease. Sample weighting and survey analysis was conducted per NHIS guidelines to generate nationally representative estimates. Results: A total of 53,613 individuals (representative of 36,543,628, 1% Asian Indian, 65% non-Hispanic White (NHW), 16% non-Hispanic Black (NHB), 14% Hispanic, 1.3% Native American, 0.53% Chinese with mean age 62 years [SD, 14]) were included. Asian Indians, after adjusting for covariates of interest, had an estimated age of onset of 3.83 years earlier than NHW (p-value <0.001). Additionally, Asian Indians had an earlier age of onset compared to NHB, Hispanic, Native American and Chinese groups (age of onset 2.95 years earlier, 3.14 years earlier, 3.76 years earlier, and 3.31 years later compared to NHW, respectively). ( Figure 1) . Conclusions: Among the study population, Asian Indians had an earlier predicted onset of diabetes, ranging from 0.69 to 6.96 years younger, compared to NHW, NHB, Native American, Hispanic, and Chinese populations. This may suggest utility in a younger screening age for higher risk groups.