Abstract 16166: Self-Care Self-Efficacy Predicts Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure

Abstract

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) influences prognosis in heart failure (HF). Self-care and self-care self-efficacy are important in improving HRQOL; however, their effect on long-term HRQOL is yet to be elucidated. Aims: To determine the effect of self-care and self-care self-efficacy on long-term HRQOL in patients with HF. Methods: This longitudinal study enrolled outpatients with HF, who were followed-up at 3, 6, and 12 months. Self-care and self-care self-efficacy were assessed using the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index ver.7.2 and the Self-care Self-Efficacy scale, respectively. HRQOL was assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System. Linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between baseline self-care and self-care self-efficacy and physical and mental dimensions of HRQOL at each time period. Adjusted variables were age, sex, body mass index, HF severity, comorbidities, activities of daily living, marital status, education level, and depressive symptoms. Results: This study analyzed 315 patients (mean age, 73±13 years, 72% male). The physical dimensions of HRQOL at all time points were associated with baseline self-care self-efficacy (baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively) but not with baseline self-care maintenance (p = 0.057, p = 0.108, p = 0.101, and p = 0.153), symptom perception (p = 0.111, p = 0.101, p = 0.662, and p = 0.944), and self-care management (p = 0.737, p = 0.229, p = 0.387, and p = 0.167). The mental dimension of HRQOL at all time points were associated with self-care self-efficacy (baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that high scores on the physical and mental dimensions of HRQOL at all time points were significantly associated with high baseline self-care self-efficacy despite adjustment for all variables (physical and mental dimensions: baseline, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001; 3 months, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001; 6 months, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001; 12 months, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001). Conclusion: Improving self-care self-efficacy is important for maintaining long-term HRQOL in patients with HF.