Abstract
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) can destroy biological tissue at specific focal depths without affecting intervening anatomical structures. We have used a custom ultrasound instrument coupled to a stereotactic targeting frame, in a non-surgical, external application of a 1.1 MHz HIFU transducer in order to target the aortic root to disrupt blood flow in the Left Anterior Descending coronary artery, effectively inducing a myocardial infarction. The optimized ultrasound parameters include 20 cycles with an energy equaling a mechanical index (MI) of ~13. This flexible and customizable HIFU-based ultrasound platform permits a more physiological infarction model in mice than is presently available using invasive surgical techniques. The advantages of this approach include avoiding the trauma of intubation, thoracotomy, and direct manipulation of the heart. We expect that this approach will improve the speed of recovery, reduce mortality, and more closely recapitulate the situation of myocardial infarction in human patients. Recognizing the novelty of the method we compared it to conventional LAD ligation. This new technique produces similar infarctions, evaluated by ECG, echocardiography, and histology. This nonsurgical approach to myocardial infarction should be useful in a broad range of cardiac investigations.
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