Abstract 15416: Impact of Acute Hyperglycemia on Microvascular Damage and Long-term Clinical Outcomes in Patients With ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Introduction: We have recently reported the cause of microcirculatory damage after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients can be evaluated by analyzing the thermodilution-derived coronary blood flow pattern (CBFP), and only the capillary destruction pattern was associated with poor mid-term clinical outcomes. In this study, we extend our research on the contribution of acute hyperglycemia on microcirculatory damage and long-term clinical outcomes in STEMI patient. Methods: Ninety-seven consecutive STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI were prospectively enrolled. Using a pressure sensor/thermistor-tipped guidewire, CBFP was assessed from the thermodilution-curves immediately after successful PCI. All patients were classified into 3 groups according to the shape of thermodilution curve: no microvascular damaged group (n=47), arteriole microemboli group (n=33), or capillary destruction group (n=17). Blood glucose levels were measured on admission. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and heart failure rehospitalization within 3 years. Results: Mean admission glucose level was significantly higher in the capillary destruction group than in the microemboli and no microvascular damaged groups (259±134, 162±66, and 153±60 mg/dL, respectively, p<0.0001). These findings were similar when the analysis was limited to non-diabetic patients. The incidence of MACE was also higher in the capillary destruction group compared with the microemboli and no microvascular damaged groups (71, 19, and 16%, respectively, p<0.0001). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, the capillary destruction pattern was the independent predictor of MACE (hazard ratio, 9.41; 95%CI 2.28-38.8; p=0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, higher glucose level on admission remained as an independent risk factor of the capillary destruction pattern (per 10mg/dL increase, odds ratio, 1.10; 95%CI 1.10-1.22; p=0.002). Conclusions: Hyperglycemia on admission increases the risk of microvascular damage secondary to the capillary destruction and subsequent poor long-term clinical outcomes in STEMI patients.