Abstract 15263: Trends and Clustering in Cardiovascular Health Metrics by Race and Ethnicity Among US Adults, 2011-2020

Abstract

Introduction: Nationally representative data evaluating recent trends and clustering in cardiovascular health metrics by race and ethnicity are sparse. Methods: We evaluated 10-year trends and clustering in cardiovascular health metrics in 10,300 individuals who attended the morning fasting examination, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2011 to 2020. We assessed the time trends of the mean score of the 7 cardiovascular health metrics by race and ethnicity. Then we ranked the top 10 mutually exclusive phenotypes of the 7 cardiovascular health metrics for each race and ethnicity. Results: Among participants, the mean age was 48.3 (SD, 4.2) years; 52% were female; 6.3%, 71.3%, 12.7%, and 9.7% were Asian, White, Black, and Hispanic. From 2011 to 2020, the total cardiovascular health score decreased significantly for Asian individuals (P=0.005) but did not change significantly for Black, Hispanic, and White individuals (P>0.05 for all). The mean scores for individual cardiovascular health metrics did not change by racial/ethnic subgroups, except for a decrease in mean body mass index (BMI) score in Asian individuals, an increase in mean total cholesterol score in Black individuals, a decrease in mean fasting glucose score in Asian, Hispanic, and White individuals. Among all the individuals, healthy diet and the combination of healthy diet and physical activity were the two most prevalent phenotypes, followed by several different combinations of physical activity, BMI, healthy diet, and smoking. Conclusions: Temporal trends suggest an overall unchanged mean total cardiovascular health score for Black, Hispanic, and White individuals and a decreased score for Asian individuals. There were persistent racial/ethnic disparities in the individual cardiovascular health metrics and phenotypes. Across all racial/ethnic subgroups, large opportunities exist for improvements.