Abstract 14954: Disaggregating the Burden of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Disease Among Asian Subpopulations in the United States

Abstract

Background: Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial group in the US, and represent a highly heterogeneous population. However, little is known about how the burden of all cardiovascular risk factors and diseases varies among Asian American subgroups on a national scale. Methods: We identified all Asian adults in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) database from 2013 to 2018, and fit survey-weighted logistic regression models to examine the association between each Asian subgroup (Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino, Other Asian) and outcomes after adjustment for age and sex. We also evaluated how social determinants (education, insurance status, poverty) contributed to any observed associations. NHIS survey weights were used to generate nationally representative estimates. Results: The weighted study population included 12,984,588 Asian adults. After adjustment for age and sex, Filipino, Asian Indian, and Other Asian adults were all significantly more likely to have hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity than Chinese adults (Figure). For cardiovascular diseases, Filipino adults were significantly more likely to have a history of heart attack (2.76% vs 0.51%; adjusted RR 2.73, 95% CI 1.42-5.22), coronary artery disease (5.00% vs. 1.37%; RR 2.16, 95% CI 1.30-3.55), and stroke (2.71% vs. 0.90%; RR 2.41, 95% CI 1.35-4.26) than Chinese adults, while prevalence rates were similar for other groups (Asian Indian, Other Asian). Differences across Asian subgroups were not attenuated after also including social determinants in our models. Conclusions: In this national study, the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases varied significantly across Asian subpopulations. These findings highlight the importance of disaggregating Asian adults in national public health surveillance efforts, to inform targeted initiatives that address inequities in cardiovascular health.