Abstract 14528: Impact of Environmental Factors on Cardiovascular Death Comparing Two First World Countries: Great Britain and United States of America: Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

Abstract

Introduction: Environmental exposure has an important role in the development and progression of cardiovascular death (CVD). We studied the 30-year CVD in countries with similar risk factors comparing the environmental exposures. Methods: Populations with environmental risk factors (Table 1), who died between 1990 and 2019 in the GBR and USA were selected from GBD 2019 Study. The 30-year mean CVD death was compared using Welch's t-test. Trends of the CVD deaths with pertaining risk factors over total CVD were estimated. Results: A total of 33,041,416 patients were analyzed. Mortality rates among lead and particulate matter pollution exposed populations were found to be significantly different. In lead exposure, the USA has observed more deaths (RR=0.024 vs. 0.014, p=<0.001) compared to the GBR, whereas the death was more in particulate matter exposure in the GBR (RR=0.065 vs. 0.050, p=0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in case of smoking and second-hand smoke exposure. In mortality trend analyses in terms of percentage of CVD death, a steady declining pattern was seen in both countries in all four risk factors (Fig 2). Conclusions: CVD proportions was significantly higher in USA in population with higher risk of lead exposure, while particulate matter showed higher proportion of CVD in GBR- for which further research is warranted.*GBD=Global Burden of Disease