Abstract
Background: Plasma triglyceride levels correspond to the sum of the triglyceride (TG) content in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) and their remnants. Experimental studies have shown TRL adverse effects in the brain, but there is limited data about their role in cognitive function. We investigated the cross-sectional association of TG and TRL-cholesterol with domain-specific cognitive tests. Methods: A total of 4,443 participants (51±9 years, 54,2% women) without previous cerebrovascular disease and not on lipid-lowering drugs were evaluated using the delayed word recall test, the category fluency test and the trail making test. TRL were measured by the Vertical Auto Profile (VAP) test, an ultracentrifugation method, and TG by the conventional method. Then, we constructed multiple linear regression models to analyze these associations. Results: The mean TRL level was 32.1±12.2 mg/dl, and the median (IQR) TG was 109 (79-153) mg/dl. There was a negative association between TRL and global cognitive z-score after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, education, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol use, depression, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, thyrotropic hormone, LDL, HDL, TG and waist circumference (p=0.009), due to the inverse association with trail making test (p=0.009). We found no association between TG with any cognition tests after adjustment. Conclusion: TRL levels measured by VAP are independently associated with the global cognitive and executive function. TG was not associated with cognitive performance.
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