Abstract 13631: Desmoplakin Cardiomyopathy in Pediatric Patients - A Distinct, Underrecognized Cohort of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Introduction: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a spectrum of diagnoses including the historically recognized arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. More recent literature describes predominately left ventricular (LV) or biventricular (BiV) involvement. Variants in the desmoplakin ( DSP) gene commonly cause LV and BiV phenotypes, though data in children are sparse. Hypothesis: Pediatric patients (pts) with DSP mutation have predominantly LV or BiV disease and may present with early onset malignant arrhythmia. Methods: We performed a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of pts <21 years with pathogenic or likely pathogenic DSP variants from 6 tertiary referral children’s hospitals. We describe clinical variation in DSP probands (PBs), the first affected family member prompting genetic testing due to clinical history, as compared to genotype-positive family members (FMs) <21 years of age diagnosed by familial cascade screening. Results: We identified 34 pts; 12 (35%) were PBs and 22 (65%) were FMs. Median age at genetic diagnosis was 13.3 and 12.3 years for PBs and FMs, respectively. Four PBs had LV-predominant disease; 6 had BiV disease (table 1). The most common initial diagnosis for PBs was myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. ECG abnormalities were common in PBs (75%) and included left axis deviation, inferolateral T-wave inversion, and low QRS complex amplitude. The LV ejection fraction (EF) on echo was 48% and 65% for PBs and FMs, respectively. Eight PBs underwent MRI and 6 had late gadolinium enhancement involving the LV only, while 2 had BiV involvement. Six PBs underwent ICD implantation and 2 received appropriate ICD therapy (LVEF 25% and 41%). Two PBs had cardiac transplantation. Conclusion: Pediatric DSP -cardiomyopathy has predominantly LV or BiV involvement and may be misdiagnosed as myocarditis or dilated cardiomyopathy. Probands in particular, may present with early malignant ventricular arrhythmias and significant LV dysfunction.