Abstract 12719: Diagnostic and Prognostic Contributions of Cardiac Computed Tomography for Infective Endocarditis Surgery

Abstract

Background: Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is emerging as an adjunctive modality to echocardiography in the evaluation of infective endocarditis (IE) and surgical planning. CT studies in IE have, however, focused on its diagnostic rather than prognostic utility, the latter of which is important in high-risk diseases like IE. We evaluated the associations between cardiac CT and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) findings and adverse outcomes after IE surgery. Methods: Of 833 consecutive patients with surgically proven IE during 5/1/2014-5/1/2019 at Cleveland Clinic, 155 underwent both pre-operative ECG-gated contrast-enhanced CT and TEE. Multivariable analyses were performed to identify CT and TEE biomarkers that predict adverse outcomes after IE surgery, adjusting for EuroSCORE II. Results: CT and TEE were positive for IE in 123 (75.0%) and 124 (75.6%) of patients respectively. CT identified an additional 11% of vegetations, 13% of pseudoaneurysms or abscesses, 5% of dehiscences and 14% of fistulae when TEE was negative. Thirty-day mortality occurred in 3 (1.9%) patients, and composite mortality and/or morbidities in 72 (46.5%). Pseudoaneurysm or abscess detected on TEE was the only imaging biomarker to show independent association with composite mortality and/or morbidities in-hospital, with odds ratio (95%CI) of 3.66 (1.76-7.59), P=0.001. There were 17 late deaths, and both pseudoaneurysm or abscess detected on CT and fistula detected on CT were the only independent predictors of total mortality during follow-up, with hazards ratios (95%CI) of 3.82 (1.25, 11.7), P<0.001 and 9.84 (1.89, 51.0), P=0.007 respectively (Figure). Conclusion: We identified cardiac CT and TEE features that predicted separate adverse outcomes after IE surgery. Imaging biomarkers can play important roles incremental to conventional clinical factors for risk stratification in patients undergoing IE surgery.