Abstract 120: Impact Of Mask Application On Aerosol Generation During Chest Compression And Defibrillation In A Swine Cardiac Arrest Model

Abstract

Introduction: We previously demonstrated that defibrillation followed by chest compression generates more aerosols than chest compression or no-flow state alone. However, the best strategies to prevent aerosol spread during cardiac arrest (CA) resuscitation remain unknown. We hypothesized that mask applications could reduce aerosol spread during chest compressions and defibrillation in a swine CA model. Methods: To simulate witnessed CA with bystander-initiated CPR, 24 female non-intubated swine (43.8 [2.7] kg) underwent 4 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation CA followed by 10 two-minute cycles of mechanical chest compression and defibrillation without ventilation. The animals were randomized to receive no mask, cloth mask, surgical mask, N95 mask, or a sealed nose cone over their snouts during resuscitation (n=5/group except nose cone n=4). The diameter (0.3 - 10 μm) and quantity of particles generated during 45-second intervals of no-flow, chest compression, and after each defibrillation were measured 2 inches anterior to the snout. Results: There were no significant differences between total particles generated during chest compression after defibrillation in unmasked versus masked animals regardless of the mask type, while the nose cone significantly reduced total particles. These findings were consistent across all 10 defibrillations (Fig. 1a) and all particle sizes (Fig. 1b). Furthermore, the minimal pre- and post-defibrillation particles detected outside of the nose cone indicated that the ineffectiveness of masks in preventing aerosol spread during CA resuscitation was likely due to their inadequate fit (Fig. 1c). Conclusion: Mask application did not reduce aerosol spread during defibrillation followed by chest compression in a swine CA model. Our data indicate that mask fit is a critical parameter for reducing aerosol transport and do not support mask application on CA victims during bystander-initiated CPR.