Abstract #1185133: Scoping review of two decades of publications for outcomes of gluten free diet on double disease of type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease

Abstract

To examine the outcomes and metabolic effects of Gluten Free Diet (GFD) in T1DM with Coeliac Disease (CD) A comprehensive literature search was done to extract publications from Medline-PubMed and Cochrane library, since inception till October 27, 2021, then screened and reviewed by two independent reviewers. Data including, study title, year of publication, name of the journal, study design, and the evaluated outcomes were charted for evidence synthesis. Scoping review was performed according to PRISMA-SR checklist. We analysed 18 publications, including two case reports. 57.7% (n=208) patients’ across 10 studies were from seven countries in Europe. Three publications each were from Australia and Europe, one each from India and Tunisia. The mean number of patients and duration of evaluation across 16 studies were 22 (± 9.6, 95% CI 17 to 27), 14 months (± 8, 95% CI 9.7 to 18), respectively. In the first study (in 1999) GFD had no effect on the metabolic control of T1DM. Recent studies (2021) demonstrate the improvement in HRQoL and self-perceived wellness. Renoprotection is demonstrated by three studies, improvement in height-weight across five studies and two studies showed remission. Other benefits include improvement in glycemic status, GI symptoms, slower c-peptide decline, and prevention of osteopenic status Globally, during the last two decades, the research for the effects of GFD in T1DM with CD has expanded, with Europe having the highest contribution to evidence-based medicine. The majority of evidence (16/18 publications) favor GFD for metabolic benefits in T1DM with CD, with improvement in anthropometric parameters.