Abstract 11483: A 7-Year Arterial Stiffness and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression Predict Obesity, High Lean Mass, and Incident Hypertension from Age 17.7 to 24.5 Years: the ALSPAC Study

Abstract

Introduction: An American Heart Association’s statement recommended investigating the natural history of arterial stiffness and blood pressure (BP) vis-à-vis the rate at which arterial stiffness and BP increase with age. Hypothesis: To test whether carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of arterial stiffness, and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) progression independently predict increased fat mass and BP. Methods: We studied 3862 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort. cfPWV and cIMT were measured by ultrasound scan, total and trunk fat mass, and lean mass by dual-energy Xray absorptiometry scan, body mass index (BMI), BP, heart rate, fasting insulin, glucose, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipid profile were measured at ages 17.7 and 24.5 years. Participants at >75th percentile of total and trunk fat mass or having >24.9 kg/m 2 BMI were classified as overweight and obese, >75th percentile as high lean mass, and >120/80 mm Hg as elevated BP and hypertension. Data were analysed with logistic regression and linear mixed models, adjusting for cardiometabolic and lifestyle factors. Results: Among 1719 [44.5%] male and 2143 [55.5%] female participants, cfPWV at 17.7 years independently predicted systolic hypertension [Odds ratio (OR) 1.19 (1.01 - 1.40); p=0.043], diastolic hypertension [OR 1.77 (1.32 - 2.38); p<0.0001], BMI-obesity [OR 1.19 (1.01 - 1.41); p=0.041], and trunk fat mass-obesity [OR 1.24 (1.03 - 1.49); p=0.023] at age 24.5 years. cIMT at 17.7 years predicted high lean mass [OR 54.29 (0.73 - 4053.52); p=0.069] at 24.5 years with borderline significance. A 7-year increase in cfPWV was directly associated with the 7-year increase in lean mass [Effect estimate 0.09 kg (0.05 - 0.13); p<0.0001], systolic BP [21.58 mmHg (14.32 - 28.84); p<0.0001] and diastolic BP [31.74 mmHg (24.90 - 38.57); p<0.0001], but inversely associated with BMI [-0.03 kg/m 2 (-0.06 - -0.01); p=0.039]. cIMT progression from age 17.7 - 24.5 years was directly associated with the 7-year increase in total fat mass, trunk fat mass, lean mass, BMI, and diastolic BP. Conclusions: Arterial stiffness and cIMT progression independently predicted obesity, high lean mass, and incident hypertension among young adults.