Abstract 1132: Cellular Senescence Impairs The Maturity Of Cell-cell Junction In Vascular Endothelial Cells

Abstract

Background and hypothesis: Vascular endothelial cells functionally differentiate upon formation of secure cell-cell junction. Disruption of cell-cell junction causes endothelial dysfunction and contributes to the early phase of pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Cellular senescence loosens cell-cell junction and causes endothelial dysfunction. We reported that the “maturity” of cell-cell junction determines how endothelial cells respond to the proinflammatory and proapoptotic insults. We hypothesize that cellular senescence affects the maturity of cell-cell junction. Methods and Results: Thrombin (1 U/mL) decreased a trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and transiently increased di-phosphorylation of myosin light chain (ppMLC) at 3 min in culture porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) of lower passages (9-15 passages) at confluence. Fluorescence staining revealed that thrombin induced actin bundle formation, which was associated with ppMLC, but not pMLC (mono-phosphorylation), at cell periphery as initial events, followed by reorganization into actin stress fibers associated with both pMLC and ppMLC as later events. In contrast, PAEC of lower passages either at early culture day (3 days) or at confluence but in the absence of extracellular Ca 2+ exhibited instantaneous appearance of actin stress fibers associated with pMLC and ppMLC upon thrombin stimulation. Initial appearance of peripheral actin bundles in response to thrombin is one of the hallmarks of the mature cell-cell junction. When replicative senescence was induced by repeated passages (23-30 passages), senescent PAEC exhibited scattered actin stress fibers without any stimulation, and substantially increased actin stress fibers, with no peripheral actin bundles, after thrombin stimulation. Cellular senescence was confirmed by an increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. As a functional consequence, senescent PAEC exhibited augmented store-operated Ca 2+ entry induced by an inhibitor of endoplasmic Ca 2+ ATPase. Conclusions: Replicative cellular senescence impairs the maturity of cell-cell junction, thereby damaging the junctional integrity and physiological function of endothelial cells.