Abstract
Introduction: Eating a diet high in vegetables translates to lower risk for cardiovascular disease. Only 10% of Americans consume the recommended servings of vegetables per day. Community supported agriculture (CSA) programs support local farmers while promoting increased consumption of vegetables. At the University of Kentucky (UK), employees receive vouchers to encourage CSA program participation while giving financial support to local farms that allow them to operate in an economically sustainable manner. Our objective was to examine the effect of participation in a CSA voucher program on CVD risk factors as a new approach to CVD risk management. Methods: Participants self-selected in the UK employee Health and Wellness CSA voucher program. Biometric measurements (blood pressure, lipid levels, and noninvasive dermal carotenoid levels via Veggie Meter) and vegetable intake via six-question BRFSS were collected pre- and post- CSA program participation. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, paired t-tests and cluster analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 204 eligible individuals, 85 enrolled pre-program and 52 completed post program for a 61.2% retention rate. Average participant age was 42 + 10 years, predominantly Caucasian females. Systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced from pre- to post program (125.8 compared to 120.6 mmHg, p = 0.012). Carotenoid levels significantly increased from pre- to post program (286.3 ± 110 to 295.9 ± 124,) while controlling for age and sex (p = <0.001). Frequency of total vegetable, red/orange vegetables, dark green vegetables and other vegetable intake also increased from pre- to post- program while controlling for age and sex (p = 0.003, 0.004, 0.013, < 0.001 and 0.011 respectively). Conclusion: Our data identifies participation in a CSA employer incentivized program can effectively reduce blood pressure and increase vegetable intake (dermal carotenoids) and self-reported quantity and variety of vegetable consumption thereby reducing CVD risk.
Published Version
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