Abstract 10514: Compromised Cerebral Artery Integrity is Associated With Brain Tissue Injury and Cognition Deficits in Adolescents With Complex Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescents with complex congenital heart disease (CCHD) show brain tissue injury in regions associated with cognitive deficits. Alteration in cerebral artery integrity (CAI), as measured by arterial transit time (ATT), may lead to perfusion deficits, and be a potential cause of brain injury in CCHD. To date, there are no reports of CAI in CCHD or associations between CAI, brain tissue integrity, and cognition in CCHD. Methods: 70 subjects (37 CCHD / 33 controls), 14-18 years of age, undergone surgical palliation (CCHD), and no contraindications for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and healthy controls (age- and sex-matched) participated. Participants completed cognitive testing (Montreal Assessment of Cognition [MoCA] and the Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning [General Memory Index, GMI]) and brain MRI using 3.0 Tesla scanner. ATT values (via diffusion-weighted pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling [pCASL] procedures), and regional brain mean diffusivity [MD] (measure of tissue integrity) were computed in whole brain. Descriptive, partial correlations, and ANCOVA analyses used (covariates, age and sex). Results: Mean MoCA [23.1 ± 4.1 vs. 28.1 ± 2.3; p <.001] and GMI scores [86.8 ± 15.4 vs. 110.3 ± 14.5; p<.001] show significant cognitive deficits in CCHD compared to controls. ATT was significantly increased in CCHD vs controls (mean ± SD, sec, 1.3±0.13 vs 1.22±0.13, p=0.02), respectively, indicating compromised CAI. Partial correlations between ATT, MD values, and cognition (covariates, age and sex, p< 0.005) showed significant associations in various areas including the hippocampus, prefrontal cortices, cerebellum, frontal white matter, anterior and posterior cingulate, frontal cortex, temporal cortices, and midbrain. Conclusion: Adolescents with CCHD have prolonged ATTs compared to controls indicative of compromised CAI and altered cerebral perfusion. CAI is significantly associated with alterations in regional brain tissue integrity and cognitive impairment. Further evaluation is needed to test interventions to increase cerebral perfusion and to protect neural tissue.