Abstract
The purpose of this study was to use ferritin response of various commercially available dietary supplement iron sources as an indicator of iron absorption in a Caco‐2 cell model. Five iron sources were modeled: ferrous bisglycinate (FBG), ferrous asparto‐glycinate (FDG), ferrous sulfate (FS), ferric glycinate (FG), and iron polysaccharide (FP). Cells were grown in T‐25 culture flasks in a DMEM/10% FBS until maturity. Prior to treatment with the iron sources, the cell media was exchanged for a serum free MEM for 24 hours. Iron test materials were diluted to 50 μM in serum free MEM solutions at pH 7.4. Three milliliters of the test solution was added to each flask and the cultures were incubated for 3 hours. The cells were aspirated and rinsed with cold DPBS. Two milliliters RIPA buffer was added to each culture and they were incubated for four hours. Ferritin response was quantified using a commercial human ELISA kit (Abcam). It was found that the ferrous sources of iron had significantly more ferritin response than the ferric sources (p<0.05). Among the ferrous sources of iron, FBG had the highest ferritin response (120.85 ±4.71 ng), followed by FDG (113.20 ±6.54 ng) and FS (110.98 ±10.49 ng). Among the ferric sources of iron, FP had the highest ferritin response (33.91 ±4.60 ng), but it was not significantly different from the negative control (20.81 ±4.71 ng). Although it has been reported that Caco‐2 cells have iron reductase activity, it was not significantly upregulated in this trial. Alternative conditions may increase the uptake of ferric compounds for evaluation of absorption. This study did not measure the export of iron outside of the cell, and can provide indications of bioavailability potential of compounds. These results indicate that FBG had the highest total absorption of all iron sources and may be indicative of the highest bioavailability of all the tested iron sources.Support or Funding InformationAlbion
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