Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of an isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 inhibitor enasidenib in rats and humans

Abstract

1. The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of enasidenib were studied following a single oral dose of [14C]enasidenib to rats (10 mg/kg; 100 μCi/kg) and healthy volunteers (100 mg; 318 nCi).2. Enasidenib was readily absorbed, extensively metabolized and primarily eliminated via the hepatobiliary pathway. Enasidenib-derived radioactivity was widely distributed in rats. Excretion of radioactivity was approximately 95–99% of the dose from rats in 168 h post-dose and 82.4% from human volunteers in 504 h post-dose. In rat bile, approximately 35–42% of the administered dose was recovered, with less than 5% of the dose excreted as the parent drug. Renal elimination was a minor pathway, with <12% of the dose excreted in rat urine and <10% of the dose excreted in human urine.3. Enasidenib was the prominent radioactive component in rat and human systemic circulation. Enasidenib was extensively metabolized in rats and human volunteers through N-dealkylation, oxidation, direct glucuronidation and combinations of these pathways. Glucuronidation was the major metabolic pathway in rats while N-dealkylation was the prominent metabolic pathway in human volunteers. All human metabolites were detected in rats.