Abstract
153 Gd has widespread use, in non-destructive testing, as a line source in SPECT imaging and has been recently proposed as an in-vitro interstitial rotating shield brachytherapy (I-RSBT) source. In this work, the six most intense emissions in the de-excitation of the daughter nucleus 153 Eu have been measured, with an improved accuracy and precision to γ-ray emission intensities reported previously, via two characterised HPGe spectrometers. A specific absolute activity of 512.5 (25) kBq g−1 was determined using the 4π (LS)-γ digital coincidence counting technique. This absolute activity was used to determine an absolute intensity for the 97.4 keV γ-ray emission of 30.15 (20) per 100 decays. The reported absolute emission intensity of this transition in this work has a relative difference of 4% from the currently recommended value.
Highlights
Gadolinium-153 is used in nuclear medicine as part of a line tracer in SPECT imaging [1,2,3], where attenuation corrections must be known on a patient-by-patient basis
A bi-dimensional efficiency extrapolation [26] was performed with the first gate set on the K X-rays between 41 keV and 49 keV, and the second gate encompassing the 97 keV and 103 keV gamma rays
The possible 166.1 keV transition, which would connect the second 7/2+ level that is proposed to be populated by the decay of 153Gd, is measured with inconsistency in these data, this is true of the 68.2 keV transition linking the 7/2− 151.6 keV and the first 7/2+ 83.3 keV levels in 153Eu
Summary
Gadolinium-153 is used in nuclear medicine as part of a line tracer in SPECT imaging [1,2,3], where attenuation corrections must be known on a patient-by-patient basis. Two evaluations of the decay scheme of 153Gd have been proposed in the new millennium [12, 13], these show a discrepant number of excited levels being populated in 153Eu, and both discuss the need for new measurement due to strong disagreement in Pγ values for weakly populated gamma-ray emissions in the daughter nuclei. These observations are a cause of concern for a radionuclide proposed for in-vitro cancer treatment. Throughout this article, uncertainties are stated as standard uncertainties or combined standard uncertainties as defined in the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) [17]
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