Abstract
The following paper presents an integrative review that aimed to identify what has been produced in the scientific literature on absenteeism in the nursing staff in hospitals. In October 2010 a search was carried out in the Database of Nursing, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences for papers with the association between the descriptors absenteeism and nursing. They were analyzed by categories. The results displayed that the causes are related to respiratory and musculoskeletal conditions, family problems, and working accidents. Professional category of technicians and assistants, specialized care units and statutory employment contract are characteristics of the greater frequency of withdrawal. The absenteeism rate found in the studies varied between 2.06 to 2.79 for the nursing staff. It was concluded that the assessment of absenteeism in the hospital, besides providing information about the workers health and occupational hazards, can help to identify working conditions that lead to illness of the nursing staff. Thus, the recognition of the circumstances surrounding the absenteeism is an important tool to evaluate occupational health and adopt preventive measures to benefit the quality of care.
Highlights
The following paper presents an integrative review that aimed to identify what has been produced in the scientific literature on absenteeism in the nursing staff in hospitals
The absenteeism rate found in the studies varied between 2.06 to 2.79 for the nursing staff
It was concluded that the assessment of absenteeism in the hospital, besides providing information about the workers health and occupational hazards, can help to identify working conditions that lead to illness of the nursing staff
Summary
Encontraram-se 73 artigos, dos quais 31 apresentaram-se repetidos em mais de uma base de dados. Conforme a localização nas bases de dados, tem-se maior número de publicações na BDENF (38,1%), seguida pela SciELO, com 33,3% dos artigos selecionados, e LILACS, com 28,6%. Ao todo, onze periódicos que publicaram esses artigos, com destaque para a Revista Ciência, Cuidado e Saúde, e a Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, cada uma delas responsável por quatro (19%) das produções sobre a temática (tabela 1). Com relação as causas do absenteísmo, foram abordadas nos artigos selecionados as doenças dos profissionais responsáveis pelos afastamentos, os principais diagnósticos envolvidos, além de razões de caráter familiar, acidentes de trabalho e diferenças de acordo com as categorias profissionais na equipe de enfermagem. Estima-se que, para o ano de 2015, estas serão a causa de maiores gastos com saúde e um dos motivos mais frequentes de absenteísmo laboral e de invalidez permanente[12]
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