ABS84: Tuberculosis in Turkey

Abstract

Introduction:According to WHO reports, one-third of the world's population is currently infected with the tuberculosis (TB) bacilli and 5–10% of them are estimated to become sick or infectious during their lives. Each year, nearly 8 million new cases appear and about 2 million people die from TB. WHO statistics are prepared on the basis of data obtained from national institutions which report only the registered cases. However, the data from countries lacking high-quality registration and communication structures in their health systems may underestimate the disease burden.Aims and objectives:The aim was to provide data about TB in Turkey.Methods:Official statistics and published or presented research reports estimating prevalence, incidence, mortality and treatment facts of TB were reviewed.Results:Although university or specialty hospitals are involved in TB management, official surveillance data are collected by a total of 272 TB dispensaries working under the Department of TB in the Ministry of Health. There are some studies showing that 18–60% of known cases are not registered in TB Dispensaries. Consequently, official prevalence (30–40 per 100,000) and incidence rates (24 cases per 100,000) are thought to underestimate the actual condition. About 15 million people are estimated to be infected by TB bacilli and 40% of smear positive cases can be notified. Treatment is successful in 33–36% of cases. The proportions of defaulted patients in the first and recurrent therapies are 12% and 23% respectively. Multidrug-resistant TB is prevalent in 3–5% of new and 20–30% of old cases. Directly observed treatment strategy (DOTS) has been conducted in 5 pilot regions since 2003 and will be implemented nationwide after 2006.Conclusion:TB is still a big public health problem, but underestimated by official bodies due to lack of a working registration and communication structure in health system. Involvement of primary care in TB management and DOTS activities may help reveal more smear positive cases and decrease number of defaulted and multidrug-resistant cases. Conflict of interest and funding None.