About the question of vitamin D deficiency in chronic kidney disease. Literature review

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is among the conditions that are currently causing increased interest due to the high prevalence in almost all regions of the world and are characterized by extremely adverse consequences for the health and quality of life of patients. Large-scale studies conducted in recent years have demonstrated a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in various age groups, various diseases and various geographical regions. The active study of extraossaos (non-calcemic) effects of vitamin D made it possible to evaluate its diverse effects, including immunotropic, effects on the heart and skeletal muscles, the direct effect on the β -cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, adipocytes, the synthesis of hormones and a number of biologically active substances. Currently, enough information has been accumulated on the effect of vitamin D on the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In patients with CKD, decreased calcitriol production in the proximal tubule of the kidney is associated with the risk of nephrosclerosis and arterial hypertension. The timely detection of vitamin D deficiency is difficult due to the diversity of clinical manifestations, erased, low-symptom, and often atypical course in various diseases. Screening for vitamin D deficiency in genetic risk groups is recognized as one of the primary prevention methods for many chronic noncommunicable diseases, including autoimmune, renal, and oncological diseases.