About the possibility of using physiotherapy in the practice of a surgeon. Literature review

Abstract

Physiotherapy is a field of medicine based on the study and application of natural and artificially created natural factors on the human body. Physical factors can have both local and systemic effects on the patient’s body. In the postoperative period, physiotherapy helps to solve the most important problems, such as accelerating the processes of tissue regeneration and reducing the risk of infection in the area of surgery. Physical factors, activating fibroblasts, accelerate the synthesis of collagen fibers and increase the regenerative capacity of damaged tissues. In addition, due to bacteriostatic and bactericidal action, microorganisms are destroyed and the risk of postoperative infectious complications is reduced. Understanding the key features of all stages of the wound process allows you to rationally affect the wound. The use of an integrated approach based on drug therapy and the use of physiotherapy procedures significantly increases the effectiveness of treatment and helps the patient to return to their usual level of life as soon as possible. This article is a review of the literature on the most commonly used methods of physiotherapy in the postoperative period. Based on the analysis of publications, the article presents the features and principle of operation of such techniques as electrophoresis, phonophoresis, magnetotherapy, ozone therapy, electrical stimulation, cryotherapy, shock wave therapy, galvanization, darsonvalization, as well as therapy based on the effects of ultraviolet radiation, laser, ultrasound, microcurrents. Examples of physiotherapeutic procedures that should be used at various stages of the wound process, depending on the impact, are given. It is the use of various methods of influence in combination with each other that helps to achieve the maximum effect of treatment in the postoperative period.