Abstract
Due to the significant increase of complications developing in young people suffering from low cardiac abnormalities, detection of this disease is important. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence and structure of cardiovascular diseases in persone aged 18-21 years who have referred to the medical center of Dnepropetrovsk Medical Academy in the period from 2012 to 2013 in order to determine the mode of physicol exercises. We examined 268 students of 1-2 courses of medical academy, who, along with the clinical examination underwent standard echocardiography 2 times a year. It is established that in the structure of cardiovascular diseases in the studied group small anomalies of the heart occupy the first place; valve pathology the second place. In the structure of small abnormality of the heart, mitral valve prolapse is detected the most frequently. Since this anomaly affects the level of tolerance to physical stress and can lead to heart disorder, routine screening of patients with this disease is mandatory and must be carried out to address the choice of the level of physical activity.
Highlights
Ʉɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶ ɩɚɰɿɽɧɬɿɜ73,9 ȼɫɶɨɝɨ ɉɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɨɛɫɬɟɠɟɧɧɹ ɛɭɥɨ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɡɛɿɪ ɚɧɚɦɧɟɡɭ, ɜɢɜɱɟɧɚ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɹ ɡ ɦɟɞɢɱɧɢɯ ɤɚɪɬ ɚɦɛɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɯɜɨɪɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɜɢɩɢɫɤɢ ɡ ɿɫɬɨɪɿʀ ɯɜɨɪɨɛ ɩɚɰɿɽɧɬɿɜ, ɤɥɿɧɿɱɧɢɣ ɨɝɥɹɞ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɿ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɤɚɪɞɿɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ (ȿɄȽ) ɬɚ ɟɯɨɤɚɪɞɿɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ (ȿɯɨɄȽ) ɡ ɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɢɦ ɚɧɚɥɿɡɨɦ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɞɚɧɢɯ ɤɚɪɞɿɨɥɨɝɨɦ
About the need of organization of clinical examination of young people with small developmental heart abnormalities
Ȼ ɨɫɬɚɧɧɿ ɪɨɤɢ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ ɜɿɞɦɿɱɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɧɟ ɡɪɨɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɭɫɤɥɚɞɧɟɧɶ ɫɟɪɰɟɜɨ-ɫɭɞɢɧɧɨʀ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɜ ɨɫɿɛ ɦɨɥɨɞɨɝɨ ɜɿɤɭ [1, 6, 7]. ɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɞɚɧɢɯ ɳɨɞɨ ɪɨɡɩɨɜɫɸɞɠɟɧɨɫɬɿ ɤɚɪɞɿɨɩɚɬɿɣ ɧɟɡɚɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ʉɟɧɟɡɭ ɫɟɪɟɞ ɦɨɥɨɞɿ ɧɚ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɿɣ ɱɚɫ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɶɨ
Summary
73,9 ȼɫɶɨɝɨ ɉɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɨɛɫɬɟɠɟɧɧɹ ɛɭɥɨ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɡɛɿɪ ɚɧɚɦɧɟɡɭ, ɜɢɜɱɟɧɚ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɹ ɡ ɦɟɞɢɱɧɢɯ ɤɚɪɬ ɚɦɛɭɥɚɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɯɜɨɪɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɜɢɩɢɫɤɢ ɡ ɿɫɬɨɪɿʀ ɯɜɨɪɨɛ ɩɚɰɿɽɧɬɿɜ, ɤɥɿɧɿɱɧɢɣ ɨɝɥɹɞ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɿ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɤɚɪɞɿɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ (ȿɄȽ) ɬɚ ɟɯɨɤɚɪɞɿɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ (ȿɯɨɄȽ) ɡ ɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɢɦ ɚɧɚɥɿɡɨɦ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɞɚɧɢɯ ɤɚɪɞɿɨɥɨɝɨɦ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɿ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɥɢ: ɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɟɠɟɧɶ (n), ɜɿɞɧɨɫɧɿ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɢ (Ɋ), ɩɨɯɢɛɤɭ ɜɿɞɧɨɫɧɨʀ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɢ (m), ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɟ ɜɿɞɯɢɥɟɧɧɹ (SD), ɞɨɜɿɪɱɢɣ ɿɧɬɟɪɜɚɥ ( Ⱦȱ) [8]
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