ABOUT THE MANUSCRIPT “MATERIALS FOR A COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY...”

Abstract

This article presents the results of the analysis of a handwritten dictionary stored in one of the archives of Kirov. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that for the development of issues of the history of the language (the emergence and development of writing) it is necessary to introduce materials from handwritten and published written monuments into scientific circulation as the most important sources that show a picture of the development of the language at a certain stage of its development. The manuscript dictionary contains a rather large list of Komi-Permyak and Udmurt vocabulary, moreover, in the Udmurt language, separately in Besermyan and Glazov dialects. The dictionary includes lexemes of the most diverse nature: the names of agricultural implements, housing, pets, animals, birds, flowers, trees, parts of the human body; words characterizing a person and his actions, kinship. The author of the manuscript is supposedly the statistics of the Vyatka Territory at the end of the 19th century P.M. Sorokin, who compiled the courtyard descriptions of a number of counties of the Vyatka province and at the same time collected ethnographic and linguistic material. In a handwritten dictionary of 1642 Russian words, 1336 are translated into the Komi-Permyak language, 1037 into the Glazov dialect, and 810 into the Besermyan dialect of the Udmurt language. From the graphic-orthographic features of the dictionary, the following are distinguished: 1) the designation of the annoying йӧ- by ѣ; 2) marking of Udmurt affricates with a single letter or digraphs; 3) transmission of the Udmurt dialect rear-row sound ъ (variant ы ) by various vowels of the Russian alphabet. Another important feature of the handwritten dictionary is the use of synonyms-dialectisms as one of the elements of the stylistic enrichment of the language.