About Historical and Cultural Significance Sad Monument in Komsomolsky Park of Vladikavkaz

Abstract

The Unified Register of Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation includes a monument of regional significance - the mass grave of the Bolsheviks who died in August 1918. The address of the monument: Vladikavkaz, Komsomolsky Park. The purpose of the proposed article is to characterize the historical circumstances of the appearance of a mass grave, to determine the historical and cultural significance of this monument. In the spring of 1918, Vladikavkaz became the capital of the Terek People’s Republic, which became part of the RSFSR. The Cossack-Peasant Congress in Mozdok on July 3-6, 1918, decided to “cleanse the people’s power” from the Bolsheviks. The battles that unfolded on the streets of Vladikavkaz were called the August events of 1918. Among the victims were five Bolsheviks who were captured and shot, and then buried in a mass grave: F. G. Kamalov, I. N. Nikitin, F. I. Serobabov, S. Ya. Shmulevich, Ognev. The more influential Bolsheviks who were arrested in those days remained alive. Severe verdict handed down to five shot requires explanation. As far as one can judge, the attitude towards them was predetermined by their previous actions and statements. The social behavior of F. G. Kamalov and S. Ya. Shmulevich was characterized by left-wing political radicalism. F. I. Serobabov was the organizer of power structures and the chief of staff of the Red Army units. I. N. Nikitin is an experienced party leader. Ognev is a young trade union leader. It can be assumed that in the eyes of their opponents, these five were united by left-wing radical convictions and uncompromisingness in the choice of methods of political struggle. The tragic outcome of the arrest was predetermined by their established political image. Memorial monuments play an important role in preserving the historical and cultural identity of the society. The mass grave is a monument to the terrible price that the people pay for their historical maturity. Not to repeat past mistakes in new socio-political collisions - this is the main point of preserving the historical and cultural heritage associated with the revolutionary era of the early 20th century.