About changes and additions to the spelling of parts of the base of the word

Abstract

The article analyzes the most important problems of spelling parts of the base of a word, primarily the letter designation of some vowel and consonant sounds, the use of и at the beginning of words before и and р, the alternation of ґ with other consonants during word change and word formation, the spelling of voiced consonants in the position before a voiceless consonant, etc. We compared the content of these norms with the norms of “Ukrainian Spelling” of 1993 and with some of its previous editions. Linguists have repeatedly called for the replacement of some phonetic norms codified in various editions of “Ukrainian Spelling”. They were reviewed for the first time in “Ukrainian Spelling. Projects of the latest edition” 1999. But this spelling was not adopted. New rules and additions to some of the previous rules proposed in “Ukrainian Spelling” 2019 are definitely needed. However, taking into account the historically formed peculiarities of the Ukrainian language and modern trends in language practice, we suggest making changes that will contribute to the further normalization of the spelling of parts of the base of the word. In particular: 1) introduce the norm of using the letter и at the beginning of specific Ukrainian and some long-borrowed words before и and p; 2) submit rules on the transmission of voiced and unvoiced consonant sounds in writing; 3) to introduce the norm of alternating [ґ] — [ж] during word formation; 4) submit in various sections of spelling the rules on the alternation of consonants before the suffix -ськ-(ий) in adjectives formed from common names and from proper geographical names, which will contribute to the elimination of repetitions; 5) clarify the rules on the use of в / в- at the beginning of words and sentences before the next consonant. Keywords: spelling of the parts of the base of the word, spelling norm, sounds, letter designations, alternation of consonants, alternation of vowels.