Abstract
The authors analyze the main tendencies in the reconstruction and development of tank farms of the main oil transportation system in Ukraine, namely the use of large-volume tanks with a floating roof. The authors consider one of the reasons that can complicate the operation of such tanks that is the presence of liquid (in the form of rain) or solid (snow and ice) atmospheric precipitation on it, which leads to the additional immersion of the floating roof of the tank into oil. The literature on the exploitation of floating roof tanks has been analyzed and it is found out that there are practically no data of measurements on the basis of which it is possible to estimate the influence of liquid atmospheric precipitation on the depth of immersion of tank floating roofs. The article shows the topicality of the issue from the point of view of commodity-transport operations on oil metering. The authors show the results of measuring the oil levels in the tank with regular appliances in the presence and absence of rainwater on the floating roof (after drainage of the latter through the drainage system) and the results of their treatment in order to determine the difference in the accounted oil mass in the tank caused by the accumulation of water on the roof, taking into account oil physical properties and the data of processing of the gauge tables of the tank. The results of natural measurements are analyzed and a simplified method of calculating the depth of immersion of a roof in the presence of additional loads on it in the form of atmospheric precipitation is developed. The oil level in the tank was determined using a standard system of the ENRAF type, and the determination of oil volumes was done using the gauge table of the tank. Based on physical regularities, the authors derive theoretical dependencies to determine the amount of atmospheric moisture on the floating roof depending on the volume (changes of the oil levels) of water on it. It is shown how to calculate the minimum amount of atmospheric water on the roof, which leads to the need to introduce corrections while determining the mass of oil in the tank using a static volume-mass method. This research has proved the necessity of introducing corrections while determining the level of oil in the tanks with floating roofs when there is atmospheric precipitation on the roof.
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