Abstract
To compare and analyze socioeconomic aspects and the emotional experience of women with spontaneous or induced abortion and in women living in the outskirts of São Paulo. A prospective case-control study carried out from July 2008 to March 2010, involving semi-structured interviews with women who presented a previous diagnosis of abortion and who had been admitted to two public hospitals in the outskirts of São Paulo. The study included 100 women with diagnosis of abortion and were hospitalized for curettage. Eleven women who reported induced abortion (11%) represented the case group. The control group (n=22) was selected at a 2:1 ratio according to the following procedure: for every case of induced abortion, the next two cases of spontaneous abortion at the same hospital. A semistructured interview was conducted with questions regarding emotional aspects and family, social and economic context. The women with induced abortion compared to the group with spontaneous abortion had lower educational level, with more frequent elementary level (82 versus 36%, p=0.04), lower income (median, R$ 1,000.00 versus R$ 1,400.00, p=0.04), lower personal income (median, R$ 200.00 versus R$ 333.00, p=0.04), higher frequency of negative feelings upon suspicion (82 versus 22%, p=0.004) and confirmation (72 versus 22%, p=0.03) of pregnancy. Among women looking for health care in hospitals in the outskirts of São Paulo, induced abortion is related to unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, which affects the emotional experiences of suspicion and confirmation of pregnancy.
Highlights
To compare and analyze socioeconomic aspects and the emotional experience of women with spontaneous or induced abortion and in women living in the outskirts of São Paulo
São especialmente as mulheres em condições socioeconômicas menos favorecidas aquelas que se submetem aos riscos da prática do aborto realizado em condições precárias[7]
Quando analisados os aspectos emocionais relatados na vivência do aborto, seja provocado ou espontâneo, buscou-se categorizar os sentimentos em positivos, negativos e ambivalentes para a mulher em momentos específicos do processo de aborto
Summary
A ilegalidade do aborto faz com que sua real magnitude seja desconhecida, e suas causas e consequências para a saúde das mulheres, obscurecidas. A abordagem da paciente era realizada respeitando o momento de sua vivência, ou seja, a mulher era convidada pela psicóloga para participar da pesquisa, esclarecendo-se a importância do tema e a necessidade de se obter mais conhecimento sobre as condições emocionais envolvidas na vivência do aborto. Quanto à distribuição das mulheres de acordo com a religião, verificou-se diferença significativa (p=0,004) nas que relataram religião evangélica, de forma que não houve caso de aborto provocado nesse grupo.
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