Abstract
Five milliliters (5ml) of venous whole blood was collected from one hundred and eighty three students made up of 93(50.8%) male and 90(49.2%) female students of Babcock University, Ilishan Remo randomly selected across various Departments. Whole blood samples were dispensed into sequestrinized (EDTA anticoagulated) blood containers, properly mixed and labeled. Malaria Plasmodium falciparum parasite screening was done semi-quantitatively by Field stain A and B staining. ABO blood phenotyping was carried out with monoclonal Antisera A, B and D. A total of 169 (92.3%) and 14(7.7%) students were rhesus positive and negative respectively of which 92(54.4%) and 77(45.6%) samples were rhesus positive male and female students respectively and of which 1(7.1%) and 13(92.9%) students were rhesus negative male and female students respectively. One hundred and thirty five (73.8%), 36(19.7%) and 12(6.5%) of the sampled student population belonged to 17-20, 21-24 and 25-30yr age brackets respectively. One hundred and ten (60.1%), 38(20.8%), 29(15.9%) and 6(3.3%) students were of O, A, B and AB blood phenotypes respectively. Out of the 183 blood samples obtained from 93 (50.8%) and 90(49.2%) male and female students respectively, 126(68.9%) students were infected with P. falciparum malaria parasites. More males were infected than females and were significantly associated with malaria infection (X2 0.05, 1 =3.841, Cal. X2 =25.253, P˂0.05). Also, out of the 68.9% infected students, 47(37.3%) and 79(62.7%) had severe and non-severe forms of malaria infection respectively. Severe malaria frequency occurrences were 85.0%, 70.6%, 50.0% and 50.0% for blood types A, O, B and AB respectively while non-severe malaria frequency occurrences were 83.3%, 75.0%, 65.8% and 57.9% with respect to blood types A, AB O and B respectively. ABO blood types especially type A were significantly associated with severe form of P. falciparum malaria infection (X20.05, 3=7.815, X20.01, 3=11.350, Cal. X2 =284.601 and P˂0.05, P˂0.01). ABO blood types were also significantly associated with non-severe form of malaria especially type A (Cal. X2 =230.768 and hence, P˂0.05, P˂0.01). Implications of rising trend of rhesus negative factor in female students, population variations in association with ABO blood types and malaria parasitaemia are discussed.
Highlights
ABO blood types was the first human blood group discovered in 1901 by Landsteiner followed by Rh blood group in 1941 [1, 2]
A total of 183 whole blood samples obtained from 93 (50.8%) and 90 (49.2%) male and female students respectively were processed for ABO blood types
A total of 54 (58.1%), 24 (25.8%), 12 (12.9%) and 3 (3.2%) male students belonged to groups O, A, B and AB blood types respectively while a total of 56 (62.2%), 17 (18.9%), 14 (15.6%) and 3 (3.3%) female students were grouped into O, B, A and AB blood types respectively in that descending order
Summary
ABO blood types was the first human blood group discovered in 1901 by Landsteiner followed by Rh blood group in 1941 [1, 2]. About thirty major blood groups have been recognized by The International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) and among these thirty are the ABO and Rh blood groups [3, 4]. The ABO system is the most investigated erythrocyte antigen system for all populations and due to the ease of identifying its phenotypes, it has been used as a genetic marker in studies of associations with infectious and non-infectious diseases [5, 6]. Its recognition is central to the practice of transfusion medicine, because of the immediate recognition and rejection of major incompatible non-self-cells. The ABO and Rh blood groups are Otajevwo Festus Dafinone and Owodunni Olasope Mumeen: Abo Blood Variants of Selected Babcock
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