ABO and Rh-D blood group distribution in a rural population of Bangladesh

Dk Akash,Lk Dhali,Nd Dhali,Rm Hira

doi:10.3329/mediscope.v2i1.24736

Dk Akash, Lk Dhali + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3329/mediscope.v2i1.24736

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Abstract

This is an observational cross-sectional study aiming to identify the distribution patterns of ABO and Rh-D blood group in a rural population of Bagerhat District, Bangladesh in order to promote social awareness and safe blood transfusion among the population. After proper ethical consideration, a total of 164 people of a village in Bagerhat District were included in this study. They were selected irrespective of age and sex by systematic random sampling. ABO and Rh-D blood groups were determined by the antigen antibody agglutination test of slide method. The ABO group distribution, O (34.1%), A (26.2%), B (25.6% and AB (14.0%). Of the respondents, 105 (64.0%) were male and 59 (36.0%). The frequency of group O+ve comprised the highest (32.9%) of the samples followed by group A+ve, B+ve and AB+ve. The majority of the subjects were Rh-D positive (94.5%). It is observed that Rh-D positive group is more common in subjects with O group whereas Rh-D negative group is more common in B group. Most common blood group among this village population was O+ve which can safely be transfused to any other group. The study of blood grouping can generate database and create social awareness about self-blood grouping and safe blood transfusion among the population.Mediscope Vol. 2, No. 1: 2015, Pages 22-26

Highlights

Human body carries around 4-6 litres (8.5-12.5 pints) of blood
In Rh-D system blood groups are Rh-D positive or Rh-D negative on the basis of presence or absence of Rh-D antigen on red blood cells surface. This means that a person can be one of eight blood groups: A Rh-D positive (A+ve), A Rh-D negative (A-ve), B Rh-D positive (B+ve), B Rh-D negative (B-ve), O Rh-D positive (O+ve), O Rh-D negative (O-ve), AB Rh-D positive (AB+ve) and AB Rh-D negative (AB-ve)
The frequency of group O+ve phenotype comprised the highest (32.9%) of the samples followed by group A+ve, B+ve and AB+ve

Summary

Introduction

Human body carries around 4-6 litres (8.5-12.5 pints) of blood. Blood is made up of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets in liquid called plasma. In Rh-D system blood groups are Rh-D positive or Rh-D negative on the basis of presence or absence of Rh-D antigen on red blood cells surface. This means that a person can be one of eight blood groups: A Rh-D positive (A+ve), A Rh-D negative (A-ve), B Rh-D positive (B+ve), B Rh-D negative (B-ve), O Rh-D positive (O+ve), O Rh-D negative (O-ve), AB Rh-D positive (AB+ve) and AB Rh-D negative (AB-ve). Agglutination of red blood cells in the presence of anti-serum was considered as positive test result. Data on the frequency of ABO and Rh-D blood groups were reported descriptively in simple percentages

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Conclusion