Abstract
In this report, an abnormal optical anisotropy in KTa1−xNbxO3:Cu (Cu:KTN) crystals with refractive index gradient is presented. Contrary to general regulation in a cross-polarization setup, the transmitted intensity of both TE (horizontally polarized) and TM (vertically polarized) lasers aligned with the basic crystallographic directions can be modulated quasiperiodically. The mechanism is supposed to be based on the polarization induced by the temperature gradient and the refractive index gradient. Meanwhile, the correlated disorder property of the crystals in the range of the freezing temperature (Tf) and the intermediate temperature (T *) also plays an important role. With the results verified both theoretically and experimentally, we believe this work is not only beneficial for the development of the theory associated with the correlated disorder structures in relaxor ferroelectrics, but also significant for the exploitation of numerous optical functional devices.
Highlights
Correlated disorder, a peculiarity of relaxor ferroelectrics, has received tremendous attention in the research of functional devices in recent years[1,2,3,4]
We report an abnormal optical anisotropy in Cu:KTN crystals
The origin of this unique phenomenon is attributed to the cooperation between the temperature gradient field and the refractive index gradient field
Summary
Correlated disorder, a peculiarity of relaxor ferroelectrics, has received tremendous attention in the research of functional devices in recent years[1,2,3,4]. For a normally incident beam, the optical anisotropy is in line with the basic crystallographic directions of single crystals, leading to unequal refractive indexes for the corresponding polarization components. In this report, we observe an abnormal optical anisotropy, which is inconsistent with common cases Lasers with both TE and TM polarizations can still be modulated quasiperiodically, despite their alignment with the basic crystallographic directions. The mechanism of this novel phenomenon is supposed to lie in the conjunction of the polarization induced by the temperature gradient and the refractive index gradient. The abnormal optical anisotropy, unlimited to basic crystallographic directions, will render more flexible designs and applications for KTN crystals and other relaxors in the exploitation of optical functional devices
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