Abstract
Mounting studies have applied resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to study major depressive disorder (MDD) and have identified abnormal functional activities. However, how the global functional connectivity patterns change in MDD is still unknown. Using rs-fMRI, we investigated the alterations of global resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) patterns in MDD using weighted global brain connectivity (wGBC) method. First, a whole brain voxel-wise wGBC map was calculated for 23 MDD patients and 34 healthy controls. Two-sample t-tests were applied to compare the wGBC and RSFC maps and the significant level was set at p < 0.05, cluster-level correction with voxel-level p < 0.001. MDD patients showed significantly decreased wGBC in left temporal pole (TP) and increased wGBC in right parahippocampus (PHC). Subsequent RSFC analyses showed decreased functional interaction between TP and right posterior superior temporal cortex and increased functional interaction between PHC and right inferior frontal gyrus in MDD patients. These results revealed the abnormal global FC patterns and its corresponding disrupted functional connectivity in MDD. Our findings present new evidence for the functional interruption in MDD.
Highlights
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent and worldwide psychiatric disorder causing severe societal and familial burdens (Mathers and Loncar, 2006)
Decreased functional connection between left temporal pole (TP) and right posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG: peak MNI coordinate: [63 −15 3], 139 voxels) and significantly increased functional connection between right PHC and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG: peak MNI coordinate: [42 3 24], 100 voxels) in major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy controls (HC) (Figure 3)
We studied the changed global functional connectivity in MDD using wGCB method. wGCB analysis revealed decreased global functional connectivities in left TP and increased global functional connectivities in right PHC in MDD
Summary
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent and worldwide psychiatric disorder causing severe societal and familial burdens (Mathers and Loncar, 2006). Brain structural changes, including gray matter volume of insula, amygdala, hippocampus, frontal and temporal cortex (Bora et al, 2012; Wang et al, 2017b), and surface morphological properties of hippocampus and amygdala have been widely reported in MDD patients (Chen et al, 2016). Altered structural covariance between angular gyrus and amygdala, posterior cingulate cortex in MDD is observed (Chen et al, 2017; Wu et al, 2017). Abnormal wGCB in MDD functional topological organization of network has been found (Gong and He, 2015). All these studies suggested that structure and function have changed in MDD. How and where the global functional connectivity patterns changed in MDD remains unclear
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