Abstract
(Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2)B2-SiC ceramics with an open porosity of only 0.49 % were successfully fabricated in this work by the reactive melt infiltration (RMI) method. Air plasma flame ablation behavior of (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2)B2-SiC ceramics under 2300 °C temperature exhibited excellent resistance with mass and linear ablation rates of 3.66 mg/s and 0.88 μm/s, respectively. During ablation, the transition from continuous melting sublimation of Si and oxidation of SiC to oxidation of (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2)B2 occurred. The uphill diffusion of Ti atoms transited (Ti,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)Ox to Ti(NbxTa1-x)2O7 while Zr0.5Hf0.5O2 continuously precipitated. A multicomponent oxide layer of (Ti,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)Ox along with (Zr,Hf)6Ta2O17, (Hf,Zr)(TiO4)2, and (Zr,Hf)x(Ti,Ta)1-xO embedded in SiO2 melt was eventually formed on the ceramic surface. This oxide layer was spread above the high melting point Zr0.5Hf0.5O2, Ti(NbxTa1-x)2O, and low oxygen content (Ti,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)Ox to form a stable, dense, and high viscosity protective layer.
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